Между официальными идеологемами и травматическим опытом в представлениях о Гражданской войне
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2022.5.768Ключевые слова:
Гражданская война, культурная травма, социальная память, историческая память, советское кино, советские идеологемыАннотация
Рассмотрено формирование представлений о Гражданской войне в 1920–1930‑х гг. Теоретико-методологические рамки работы представлены публикациями, раскрывающими понятие культурной травмы, а также трудами, авторы которых подчеркивают динамичный характер культурной памяти. В качестве основных материалов для исследования выступили литературные и кинематографические произведения, в качестве дополнительных источников привлекались средства массовой информации, учебники. Анализ источников с опорой на теоретико-методологическую базу позволил автору прийти к следующим выводам: сформированная в первые десятилетия советской власти схема описания Гражданской войны определила грамматику и аксиологию ее интерпретации; дискурс героизма противостоит дискурсу травматизации, то есть, объявляя участников Гражданской войны героями, советские идеологи нивелировали трагедию, которая сопровождала это событие; трагический опыт также находил свое отражение в некоторых литературных произведениях, что может в дальнейшем выступать основой языка описания и осмысления Гражданской войны; ситуация изменения ценностных приоритетов в сторону абсолютизации культа государства и победившая идея 1000‑летней истории, а также актуализация патриотической риторики в 1930‑е гг. создали иллюзию относительно конвенционального образа Гражданской войны.
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