Жандармы и модернизация местного управления в России (опыт и перспективы изучения )
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2015.2.100Аннотация
Статья содержит анализ историографии тайной полиции в Российской империи. Выявляя подходы историков к данной теме и способы их работы с историческими свидетельствами, автор показывает негативные о государстве. Ревизия историографического наследия позволяет автору освободить восприятие темы от созданных в разные времена и в разных условиях «квазиочевидностей». Одновременно обращается внимание на наличие богатого комплекса делопроизводственных документов полицейского ведомства, сохранившихся в государственном архиве. Предлагая неоинституциональный подход к их анализу, автор показывает очевидные и латентные информационные возможности обнаруженных документов. Среди них особенный интерес представляют тексты, в которых зафиксировалась рефлексия жандармских офицеров о профессиональной этике и служебном долге, а также находятся свидетельства конфликтов интересов местной администрации и контролирующей ее деятельность полиции. Оригинальность предлагаемого подхода состоит в том, чтобы исследовать логику создания этих документов, их назначение в полицейском управлении. Предварительные результаты позволяют автору утверждать, что данные свидетельства могут рассказать не только о сфере полномочий и характере работы тайной полиции, но и о способах реализации политической концепции «регулярного, хорошо организованного» государства в России XIX в., о путях самоусовершенствования государственного аппарата.
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Ovchenko, Yu. F. (2010). Moskovskaya ohranka narubezhe vekov, 1880–1904 gg. [Moscow Guard Department at the Turn of the 20th Century, 1880–1904]. 232 p. Moscow.
Policejskij poryadok i situativnaya solidarnost′: dinamika vzaimodejstviya i transformacij: Proekt v ramkah Programmy′ fundamental′ny′h issledovanij NIU VShE′ v 2013 g. [Police Order an the Situation of Solidarity: The Dynamics of Interaction and Transformation: A Project within the Programme of Fundamental Studies of National Research University, Higher School of Economics in 2013]. Avialable at: http://www.hse.ru/org/projects/79579505.
Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossijskoj imperii. Sobranie 2 [The Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 2]. (1830–1884). Saint Petersburg.
Poroh, V. I. & Roslyakova, O. B. (2010). III Otdelenie pri Nikolae I [The Section during Nicholas I’s Reign]. 238 p. Saratov.
Racz, D. V. (1990). «Otriczatel′no – dobry′j chelovek» [A Negatively Kind Man]. In Fakel. Istoriko-revolyucionny′j al′manah (pp. 42–57). Moscow.
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Romanov, V. V. (2008). Podrazdeleniya politicheskoj policii v Povolzhskih guberniyah v 1826–1860 gg.: formy′ i osnovny′e napravleniya deyatel′nosti [Political Police Units in Volga Region Governorates between 1826 and 1860: Forms and Main Directions of Activity ]. 270 p. Ulyanovsk.
Squire, P. S. (1968). The Third Department. The establishment and practices of the political police in the Russia of Nicholas I. Cambridge.
Tarasov, B. N. (2007). Nikolaj Pervy′j – ry′czar′ samoderzhaviya [Nicholas the First –The Knight of Autocracy]. 513 p. Moscow.
Troczkij, I. M. (1990). Tret′e otdelenie pri Nikolae I [The Third Section under Nicholas I]. 318 p. Leningrad.
Bibikov, G. N. (2009). A. H. Benkendorf i politika imperatora Nikolaya I [A. H. Benckendorff and the Policy of Emperor Nicholas I]. 424 p. Moscow.
Biktasheva, A. N. (2012) Antropologiya vlasti: kazanskie gubernatory’ pervoj poloviny’ XIX veka [The Anthropology of Power: Kazan Governors of the 1st Half of the 19th Century] (pp. 373–413). Moscow.
Gosudarstvenny'j arhiv Rossijskoj Federacii [State Archive of the Russian Federation]. F. 109; F. 110.
Got'e, Yu. V. (1922). Proishozhdenie sobstvennoj e. i. v. kancelyarii [The Establishment of H. I. M. Own Chancery]. In Sbornik statej po russkoj istorii, posvyashhenny’h S. F. Platonovu (pp. 346–355). Petrograd.
Derevnina, T. G. (1973). III otdelenie i ego mesto v sisteme gosudarstvennogo stroya absolyutnoj monarhii v Rossii [The Third Section and Its Role in the System of Absolute Monarchy in Russia: PhD Thesis]. 177 p. Moscow.
Eroshkin, N. P. (1981). Krepostnoe samoderzhavie i ego politicheskie instituty’. Pervaya polovina XIX veka [Serfdom Autocracy and Its Political Institutions: 1st Half of the 19th Century]. 252 p. Moscow.
Eroshkin, N. P. (1968). Ocherki istorii gosudarstvenny′h uchrezhdenij dorevolyucionnoj Rossii [Essays on the History of Public Institutions of Pre-Revolutionary Russia]. 368 p. Moscow.
Ivanczov, M. N. (2009). Deyateli politicheskogo sy’ska Rossii v otechestvennoj istoriografii [Political Investigators of Russia in National Historiography], Vestnik RUDN. Seriya «Istoriya Rossii», 6, pp. 74–80.
Makarova, N. V. (2012). Zhizn’ rossijskih soslovij v e’pohu pravleniya Nikolaya I (po materialam III Otdeleniya) [The Life of Russian Social Classes during the Reign of Nicholas I (with Reference to the Third Section)]. 393 p. Moscow.
Mustonen, P. (1998). Sobstvennaya Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva kancelyariya v mehanizme vlastvovaniya instituta samoderzhca 1812–1858 gg.: K tipologii osnov imperskogo upravleniya [His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancery in the Mechanism of the Autocrat’s Ruling Institution in 1812–1858: On the Typology of Imperial Rule Foundations]. 357 p. Helsinki, Aleksanderi inst.
Chukarev, A. G. (2003). Tajnaya policiya Nikolaya I (1826–1855) [The Secret Police of Nicholas I (1826–1855)] (in 2 vols.).Yaroslavl.
E′kshtut, S. A. (1998). Na sluzhbe rossijskomu Leviafanu. Istoricheskie opy′ty′ [Serving the Russian Leviathan. Historical Experiences]. 328 p. Moscow.
Emsley, C. (1999). Gendarmes and the State in Nineteenth-Century Europe. Oxford.
LeDonne, J. P. (1991). Absolutism and ruling class: the formation of the Russian political order, 1700–1825. New York, Oxford University Press.
Lincoln, W. B. (1978). Nicolas I. Emperor and Autocrat of All Russians. London.
Monas, S. (1961). The Third Section. Police and Society in Russia under Nicholas I. Harvard.
Möllers, M. & Ooyen, R. van. (Eds.) (2013). Polizeiwissenschaft in Deutschland [Polizeiwissenschaft in Germany]. In Polizeiwissenschaft 1 (pp. 111–146). Frankfurt.
Olejnikov, D. I. (2009). Benkendorf [Benckendorff]. 428 p. Moscow.
Olejnikov, D. I. (2012). Nikolaj I [Nicholas I]. 339 p. Moscow.
Orzhehovskij, I. V. (1982). Samoderzhavie protiv revolyucionnoj Rossii (1826–1880 gg.) [Autocracy against Revolutionary Russia (1826–1880)]. 207 p. Moscow.
Ovchenko, Yu. F. (2010). Moskovskaya ohranka narubezhe vekov, 1880–1904 gg. [Moscow Guard Department at the Turn of the 20th Century, 1880–1904]. 232 p. Moscow.
Policejskij poryadok i situativnaya solidarnost′: dinamika vzaimodejstviya i transformacij: Proekt v ramkah Programmy′ fundamental′ny′h issledovanij NIU VShE′ v 2013 g. [Police Order an the Situation of Solidarity: The Dynamics of Interaction and Transformation: A Project within the Programme of Fundamental Studies of National Research University, Higher School of Economics in 2013]. Avialable at: http://www.hse.ru/org/projects/79579505.
Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossijskoj imperii. Sobranie 2 [The Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 2]. (1830–1884). Saint Petersburg.
Poroh, V. I. & Roslyakova, O. B. (2010). III Otdelenie pri Nikolae I [The Section during Nicholas I’s Reign]. 238 p. Saratov.
Racz, D. V. (1990). «Otriczatel′no – dobry′j chelovek» [A Negatively Kind Man]. In Fakel. Istoriko-revolyucionny′j al′manah (pp. 42–57). Moscow.
Romanov, V.V. (2007). Politicheskaya policiya Rossijskoj imperii 1826–1860 gg.: osnovny′e tendencii i razvitie [The Political Police of the Russian Empire between 1826 and 1860: Main Tendencies and Development]. 559 p. Ulyanovsk.
Romanov, V. V. (2008). Podrazdeleniya politicheskoj policii v Povolzhskih guberniyah v 1826–1860 gg.: formy′ i osnovny′e napravleniya deyatel′nosti [Political Police Units in Volga Region Governorates between 1826 and 1860: Forms and Main Directions of Activity ]. 270 p. Ulyanovsk.
Squire, P. S. (1968). The Third Department. The establishment and practices of the political police in the Russia of Nicholas I. Cambridge.
Tarasov, B. N. (2007). Nikolaj Pervy′j – ry′czar′ samoderzhaviya [Nicholas the First –The Knight of Autocracy]. 513 p. Moscow.
Troczkij, I. M. (1990). Tret′e otdelenie pri Nikolae I [The Third Section under Nicholas I]. 318 p. Leningrad.
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Как цитировать
Biktasheva, A. (2015). Жандармы и модернизация местного управления в России (опыт и перспективы изучения ). Quaestio Rossica, (2), 132–143. https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2015.2.100
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