Decrees of Peter the Great to Guards Major Andrei Ivanovich Ushakov: New Archival Data
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2022.2.695Keywords:
Peter the Great, A. I. Ushakov, Secret Chancellery, decrees, letters, tsarevna Ekaterina AlekseevnaAbstract
This paper publishes nine documents devoted to the service of Andrei Ivanovich Ushakov (1672–1725), major of the Preobrazhensky Life-Guards Regiment between 1714 and 1721. The Novgorod nobleman started his career as a soldier in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. In 1706, Ushakov already had the rank of a lieutenant and was an adjutant of the tsar. Between the 1700s and early 1710s, Ushakov fulfilled diverse orders of Peter the Great: he delivered weapons, horses, gunpowder, provisions to the army, conducted reconnaissance missions, and reported on the location and movements of the Swedish army. In December 1708, Ushakov was involved in the work of an investigator for the first time. In the early 1710s, orders to control and investigate became Ushakov’s principal among various assignments. At the decision of the tsar, Ushakov became deputy of Pyotr Tolstoy, who was head of the Secret Chancellery established in February 1718 specifically to investigate Tsarevich Alexei’s escape. For his participation in the investigation, Ushakov was properly rewarded by Peter, who granted him the rank of a brigadier and lands confiscated from convicts. Ushakov maintained regular correspondence with the tsar: however, there is no unified collection of documents from Ushakov’s personal archive. For this publication, the authors chose decrees (written both in the sovereign’s own hand and in a clerk’s hand), letters by Tsarevna Ekaterina Alekseevna, and extracts from Senate books reflecting the participation of Ushakov in various events and investigations in the first quarter of the eighteenth century from the corpus of documents kept in the Archive of the St Petersburg Institute of History of the RAS.
References
Arkhiv SPbII RAN [Archive of the St Petersburg Institute of History, Russian Academy of Sciences]. Stock 270. List 1. Dos. 75, 76; Coll. 277. List 2. Dos. I.
Artamonov, V. A. (2009). Poltavskoe srazhenie. K 300-letiyu Poltavskoi pobedy [The Battle of Poltava. For the 300th Anniversary of the Poltava Victory]. Moscow, MPPA BIMPA. 686 p.
Bogoslovskii, M. M. (2003). Petr Velikii po ego pis’mam [Peter the Great According to His Letters]. In Petr Velikii: pro et contra. St Petersburg, Russkii khristianskii gumanitarnyi institut, pp. 518–552.
Golikov, I. I. (1838). Deyaniya Petra Velikogo, mudrogo preobrazitelya Rossii, sobrannye iz dostovernykh istochnikov i raspolozhennye po godam v 15 t. [Acts of Peter the Great, the Wise Reformer of Russia, Collected from Reliable Sources and Arranged by Year. 15 Vols.]. 2nd Ed. Moscow, Tipografiya N. Stepanova. Vol. 5. 602 p. Vol. 6. 662 p. Vol. 7. 538 p.
Materialy dlya istorii russkogo flota v 17 ch. [Materials for the History of the Russian Fleet. 17 Parts]. (1865–1904). St Petersburg, Tipografiya Morskogo ministerstva. Part 3. 726 p.
OR RGB [Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library]. Stock 64. Box 82. Dos. 8.
Pavlenko, N. I. (1985). Ptentsy gnezda Petrova [The Nestlings of Peter’s Nest]. Moscow, Mysl’. 332 p.
Pis’ma i bumagi imperatora Petra Velikogo v 13 t. [The Letters and Papers of Emperor Peter the Great. 13 Vols.]. (1887–2003). St Petersburg (Leningrad), Moscow. Vol. 4. Iss. 1–2. 1259 p. Vol. 5. 764 p. Vol. 6. 634 p. Vol. 7. Iss. 1–2. 933 p. Vol. 8. Iss. 1–2. 1179 p. Vol. 9. Iss. 1–2. 1620 p. Vol. 10. 869 p. Vol. 11. Iss. 1. 606 p. Vol. 11. Iss. 2. 743 p. Vol. 12. Iss. 1. 588 p. Iss. 2. 629 p. Vol. 13. Iss. 1. 480 p. Vol. 13. Iss. 2. 678 p. (PiB)
Pod’’yapol’skaya, E. P. (1974). Ob istorii i nauchnom znachenii izdaniya “Pis’ma i bumagi imperatora Petra Velikogo” [On the History and Scholarly Significance of the Letters and Papers of Emperor Peter the Great]. In Arkheograficheskii ezhegodnik za 1972 g. Moskow, Nauka, pp. 56–70.
Rychalovskii, E. E. (Ed.). (2011). Poltavskaya bitva 27 iyunya 1709 goda. Dokumenty i materialy [The Battle of Poltava, 27 June 1709. Documents and Materials]. Moscow, ROSSPEN. 806 p.
Serov, D. O. (2005). Vysshie administratory pod sudom Petra I. Iz istorii ugolovnoi yustitsii Rossii pervoi chetverti XVIII veka [High Administrators in the Court of Peter the Great. From the History of Criminal Justice in Russia in the First Quarter of the 18th Century]. In Izvestiya Ural’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki. Iss. 10. No. 39, pp. 47–63.
Serov, D. O. (2011). M. A. Kosoi – kamenshchik, eretik, ober-fiskal [M. A. Kosoi – a Bricklayer, Heretic, and Chief Fiscal]. In Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya. Filologiya. Vol. 10. No. 10, pp. 21–26.
Serov, D. O., Fedorov, A. V. (2016). Dela i sud’by sledovatelei Petra I [The Cases and Fate of the Investigators of Peter I]. Moscow, Yurist. 363 p.
Ustryalov, N. G. (1859–1863). Istoriya tsarstvovaniya Petra Velikogo v 6 t. [History of the Reign of Peter the Great. 6 Vols.]. St Petersburg, Tipografiya Vtorogo Otdeleniya Sobstvennoi Ego Imperatorskogo Velichestva Kantselyarii. Vol. 4. Part 1. 611 p. Part 2. 672 p. Vol. 6. 628 p.
Veretennikov, V. I. (1910). Istoriya Tainoi kantselyarii Petrovskogo vremeni [History of the Secret Office of the Petrine Epoch]. Khar’kov, Tipografiya “Pechatnoe delo”. 306 p.
Zaitsev, A. D. (1982). Arkhivnyi rudokop. (Fond L. I. Barteneva) [Archival Miner. (L. I. Bartenev Fund)]. In Volkova, N. B., Andronikov, I. L. et al. (Eds.). Vstrechi s proshlym. Sbornik materialov Tsentral’nogo gosudarstvennogo arkhiva literatury i iskusstva SSSR. Iss. 4. Moscow, Sovetskaya Rossiya, pp. 319–347.
