Urban occupations in a siberian city (Tobolsk, 1897)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2017.1.210Аннотация
Рассматривается профессиональная структура города Тобольска конца ХIX в. Сибирь была самым масштабным регионом Российской империи со слабо развитой сетью городов, большинство из которых выполняли роль опорных центров для административного управления огромной территорией. В наиболее освоенных и развитых в хозяйственном отношении западных и южных губерниях Сибири города становились не только административными, но и культурными, и экономическими их центрами. Вопрос представляется актуальным для понимания готовности сибирских губерний к тем общественным трансформациям, которые начались спустя два десятилетия после рассматриваемого периода. Особенностью исследования является использование персональных данных Первой всеобщей переписи населения Российской империи 1897 г. На уровне персоналий оно позволяет существенно расширить исследовательский диапазон, ранее ограниченный опубликованными агрегированными материалами. С их помощью дана характеристика занятости городского населения крупных сибирских городов, показана специфика занятости «военных», «аграрных» городов, а также губернских центров Западной и Восточной Сибири. Обработка данных переписи 1897 г. на индивидуальном уровне производилась с помощью базы данных «Население Тобольска в 1897 г.», включающей сведения о 92,5 % горожан, имевших самостоятельные занятия. Персональные данные позволили провести реконструкцию возрастной и гендерной структуры экономически активного населения губернского центра, выявить особенности занятости представителей разных сословных групп, специфику дополнительных занятий городского населения, определить влияние семьи на выбор сферы деятельности человека. Все сведения о занятиях населения городов Сибири, в том числе Тобольска, были закодированы с помощью Historical International Standard Classification of Occupations.
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M. V. (ed.) The Role of the State in the Economic and Sociocultural Development of Asian Russia from the 17th Century to the Early 20th Century]. Novosibirsk, RIPAL, pp. 5–15.
Skubnevsky, V. A. & Goncharov, Yu. M. (2003) Goroda Zapadnoyj Sibiri vo vtoroyj polovine XIX – nachale XX v. Ch. 1. Naselenie. Ehkonomika [Western Siberian Cities in the Second Half of the 19th– Early 20th Centuries. Part I: Population. Economy]. 360 p. Barnaul. Altai State University publishing house.
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Thorvaldsen, G. (2006). Away on Census Day : Enumerating the Temporarily Present or Absent. In Historical Methods, Vol. 39 (2), pp. 82–96.
Thorvaldsen, G. (2008). Swedes in Siberian Diaspora. In Sibirica : Interdisciplinary J. of Siberian Studies, Vol. 7 (2), pp. 47–66. ISSN 1361–7362.
Troynicky, N. A. (ed.) (1904–1905a). Pervaya Vseobthaya perepisj naseleniya Rossiyjskoyj imperii 1897 g. [The First General Census of the Russian Empire]. Vols. LXXII, LXXIII (quire 2), LXXIV, LXXV, LXXVI (quire 3), LXXVII (quire 2), LXXVIII, LXXXIX, LXXX. St Petersburg. The Central Statistical Committee publication of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Troynicky, N. A. (ed.) (1905b). Goroda i poseleniya v uezdakh, imeyuthikh 2000 i bole zhiteleyj [Cities and Settlements in Uyezds with a Population of 2,000 People and over]. St Petersburg. Parovaya tipolitographiya N. L. Nihrkina.
Troynicky, N. A. (ed.) (1905с). Obthiyj svod po Imperii rezuljtatov razrabotki, dannihkh pervoyj vseobtheyj perepisi naseleniya, proizvedennoyj 28 yanvarya 1897 goda Vol. 2 [The Total Results of the First General Census of the Russian Empire, Produced on Jan. 28, 1897]. St Petersburg, Parovaya tipolitographiya N. L. Nihrkina.
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Vladimirov V. N., Sarafanov D. E., Shchetinina A. S. (2016). “Novaya istoricheskaya demografiya” v Rossii: ehvolyuciya ili skachok v razvitii? [“New Historical Demography” in Russia: Evolution or a Leap in Development?]. In Izvestiya Ural′skogo universiteta. Seriya 2. Gumanitranihe nauki [Izvestia Ural Federal University J. Ser. 2. Humanities and Arts]. Vol. 18, № 3 (154). Pр. 29–54.
Yadrincev, N. M. (1892). Sibirj kak koloniya v geograficheskom, ehtnograficheskom i istoricheskom otnoshenii [Siberia as a Colony in Geographical, Ethnographical, and Historical Respects]. 720 p. St Petersburg, Publ. house of I. M. Sibiryakov.
Zinovyev V. P. (1999) Sibirj v ehkonomike Rossii XVIII – nachala ХХ v.: Sibirj v sostave Rossii XIX – nachala ХХ v. [Siberia in Russia’s Economy in the 18th Century –Early 20th Centuries: Siberia as a Russian Territory in the 19th – Early 20th Centuries]. Tomsk, The publ. house of Tomsk Univ., pp. 9–40.
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Опубликован
2017-04-12
Как цитировать
Bryukhanova, E., & Vladimirov, V. (2017). Urban occupations in a siberian city (Tobolsk, 1897). Quaestio Rossica, 5(1), 56–73. https://doi.org/10.15826/qr.2017.1.210
Выпуск
Раздел
Problema voluminis
